Surface-cutting tool



(No Model.)

J. H. ST'EBN. SURFACE CUTTING. TOOL.

No. 492,310. Patented Feb. 21, 1893,.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEYEIcE.

JAMES H. STEEN, OF CANTON, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JAMES W. COLE, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

SURFACE-CUTTING TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 492,310, dated February 21, 1893.

Application filed April 21, 1892 Serial No. 430,043- [llo model.)

To all whom it may concern: to leave this end portion of the tool in the Be it known that 1, JAMES H. STEEN,a citiform of a solid cylinder; but this is not indiszen of the United States, residing at Canton, pensable. The spiral groove extends from the in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have point 4 to the outer extremity of the tool and 5 invented new and useful Improvements in terminates in a point 6. The upper extrem- 5 Surface-Cutting Tools, of which the following ity is ground or dressed off to form two oppois a specification. sitely beveled portions or surfaces 7 and 8, This invention has for its object to provide and the outer end portion of the tool is also a new and improved cutting tool particularly constructed with a beveled upper side 9,

[ designed for employment in lathes to turn mewhich extends longitudinally or in the direc- 6o tallic objects, but useful in other machines or tion of the length of the tool to permit lateral wherever metal surfaced cutting is required. passage or movement of the turnings. The

The invention also has forits object to proouter end of the spiral groove serves to provide a novel spirally grooved turning tool of vide an inclined plane, or a curved incline 10,

[ uniform diameter which can be readily and back from the cutting edge 12, so that the tool 6 5 economically sharpened by grinding only, is rendered susceptible of properly biting or without the necessity of re dressing, and cutting into the surface of the metal at the whereby the spiral groove preserves an invery best possible angle for removing the surclined plane back of the cutting edge for the face thereof. The cutting edge 12 extends in purpose of enabling the latter to properly bite a spiral or curved line from the point 6 to the or cut into the surface of the metal at the best outer end portion 13 0f the cutting edge, as angle for removing the surface of the latter. will be best understood by reference to the To accomplish these objects my invention enlarged detail view Fig. 4. This spiral form consists in a lathe turning tool having a sinof the cutting edge 12 renders it possible to 25 gle spiral groove and provided at one extremprovide a very sharp edge while there is sufity with oppositely beveled portions, a spiral ficient metal immediately back of such edge cutting edge, and a longitudinally beveled npto secure the requisite strength and radiation per clearance surface for permitting lateral of heat, so that the tool can be employed at a movement of the turnings. maximum speed in a lathe or planer without 0 The invention is illustrated by the accominjury resulting from undue heating. 8e panying drawings, in which The cutting tool is cylindrical and of uni- Figure 1, is a perspective view of my imform diameter from end to end and conseproved cutting tool arranged in a suitable tool quently when the cuttingedge becomes worn holder and in the act of turning the shaft. away, the tool can be slightly rotated axially 5 Fig. 2, is a broken perspective View of the in its holder, before using, to bring the cutcutting tool. Fig. 3, is a plan view of the tool ting edge to its original position and thus prelooking at the under side thereof, and Fig. 4, sent such cutting edge at the same angles to is a detail view on an enlarged scale of the the surfaces of the metal which is to be recutting end portion of the tool. moved.

40 In order to enable those skilled in the art The cutting tool should be rigidly held in to make and use my invention I will now dea solid manner to prevent it from revolving scribe the same in detail, referring to the drawor turning when operating to remove the sur-- ings wherein faces of metal objects.

The numeral 1 indicates the tool which is The holder is preferably constructed as de- 45 of uniform diameter from end to end so that scribed and claimed in the Letters Patent No. 5

it can be fitted into and be properly clamped 463,394 issued to me November 17, 1891. by a tool holder 2 of any suitable construc- By my invention the spirally grooved and tion. The tool is constructed with a single beveled construction produces atool which is spiral groove 8, which as here shown, comsubstantially different from an ordinary twist 5o mences at the point 4 remote from the end 5 drill, in that I am enabled to practically use the device for turning cylindrical metal objects or removing the surface from objects of other form.

A substantial difference between my improved cutting tool and an ordinary drill resides in the fact that a drill requires to be ground with a clearance back from the edge of the spiral the entire length of the groove, for otherwise the drill would heat, expand and choke or break in the hole being bored.

My improved tool is of uniform diameter so that it can be gripped solidly, and the cutting edge operates to cleave or remove the surface from a metal object revolving in a lathe.

Although, I have particularly mentioned the cutting tool as employed in a lathe, it will be obvious that it can be employed in a planing or shaping machine or wherever the surface of a metallic objectis to be removed.

In the use of a cutting tool in a lathe, the longitudinally beveled upper side 9 serves to direct the spiral cuttings in a lateral direction.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A metal cutting tool provided with a single spiral groove terminating at one end in a cutting edge, said tool having a beveled clearance surface 9 for permitting lateral passage or movement of the cuttings, substantially as described.

2. A lathe turning or metal cutting tool having a single spiral groove 3 and provided at one extremity with oppositely beveled por- "tions 7 and 8, a spiral cutting edge 12, and a longitudinally beveled upper clearance surface 9-for permitting lateral passage or movement of the turnings, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my seal in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES H. STEEN. L. s]

Witnesses:

A. J. TSOHANTZ, F. W. BOND. 

